ZipCar Marketing Strategy

Abstract Zipcar is a company that allows incorporation of members to benefit from car sharing services. The company management is capable of attracting influential companies and businesses to its business.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on ZipCar Marketing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Cambridge, Antje Danielson and robin chase found it in 2000. Its target markets are Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, London, new York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland, san Francisco, Seattle, Toronto, Washington D.C. and Vancouver. By 2010, the company had attracted 8000 vehicles and 560,000 customers in urban centers. Each member pays a registration fee of $25 and $60 for services provided annually. A Zip card enables the customer use the car prepared in the order. The company caters for the gas, insurance, maintenance, parking and any other expenses incurred in the cause of using the car. The aim of the company is to reduce the costs incurred in transportation by allowing its customers to use other means of transportation such as walking and cycling and to preserve the environment by allowing sharing of one vehicle by many customers reducing pollution and jam caused by vehicles. Services and customers are inseparable hence, the company has to evaluate, analyze and implement marketing strategies to ensure survival and penetration of the company services in the target markets. Introduction The company attracts and maintains its customers through providing quality services to its customers. It offers 30 different models of cars at a time to provide a variety of products that cater for the different tastes and preferences of their customers. Due to the diversity of the customer needs and wants the company uses online and telephone to communicate to its customers and to offer instant services (Kirsner 1). This enables the company to provide its services an hour after the order is done and ease in payments of its customers by calculating the expenses according to the needs and wants of its customers. The company aims to increase their market share and at the same time maximize their profits (Kirsner 1).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The chief executive requested for research on the company’s environment, competitors, and customers to enable implementation of marketing strategies that enable the company to survive in the competitive market. The report is due on June 30, 2011. ZipCar Corporation ZipCar is the world’s leading company in car sharing services. Its services have won the attention of the media. Journals that support the company include Business Weeks, Time magazine, Wall Street journal, and New York Times. For example, the Business Week’s journal declared the company as the best leader of 2006 in car sharing network. The chief exec utive officer of the company, Scott Griffith holds senior positions in the influential companies such as Boeing Company, information America, an Atlanta based provider of online, public record information, business strategy and investment firm, Parthenon group, boutique, and public record information. The company has joint ventures with transit agencies, universities, and influential cities and state governments to broaden their services and increase awareness of their services to potential customers. The company ownership and management is by its shareholders. For instance, the chief executive officer (CEO) holds 3.92% of the company and 2.4 million shares (Kirsner 1). Methodology A current market analysis is done to enable the company penetrate and survive in the target markets. It focuses on the target market, competitors, and future performance of the company’s products and services (Stull 42) Market analysis questionnaire Due to the increasing competition in the car shar ing market, the company wants to find a solution that enables the company survive in the target market. The company wants to improve its profits by attracting and maintaining more customers and balancing its expenses. These solutions boost the company’s profits, which consequently leads to the growth of the company (Ireland 124). Analysis of the situation Study design The research used deductive approach to collect quantitative and qualitative data that is able to draw conclusions on measurable evidence. The aim of the study is to analyze the consumers buying process and its effects on the overall operations of the business (Kotler 57).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on ZipCar Marketing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Focus group discussion The group discussion comprise of 3 customers and employees of ZipCar and hertz global company in an attempt to find solution on how to attract and maintain mo re customers to zip car company and test the accuracy of the information provided by the company and the customers (Kotler 54) Study population and sampling The study involves the management of ZipCar Company, its main competitors, and the consumers of the product or service. Systematic sampling avoids bias and to focus on the potential sources of information (Basenese 1) Data collection Primary data Face to face interviews: Interview guides ensured all the areas of the study are covered and all the necessary information is collected. It involves structured and unstructured questionnaires to boost the researcher’s interaction with the respondents (Gitman 168). Observation: The researcher collects supplementary data without bias on the information available for the researcher. The researcher collects information from experience and behavior conveyed by the respondents (Koontz 121). Secondary data: The relevant data on books, journals, magazine, papers, magazines, and previous lessons on marketing strategies is collected (Kotler 54) Data analysis methods The research collected qualitative and quantitative data analyzed in numerical and descriptive perspectives. A review of the books, magazines, papers, journal, and previous lessons provides data for interpretation and analysis of data relevant to the research objectives. The data undergoes preparation using statistical techniques to convert it into a form suitable for analysis. The techniques are data editing and data coding (Kotler 65). Findings Pestle analysis They are legal, political, social-cultural, technological changes, demographic, and natural forces influenced by external and uncontrollable factors like competitors, changes in interest rates, cultural factors, and government regulations.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The macro environment of any business is the major economic externalities beyond the business’s scope of influence, which influence the business decision-making and have an effect on performance and strategies. The factors exist in the whole economy as opposed to the economy of a specific business (Kotler 59). Political environment: The political environment involves the pressure groups, government agencies and legislations that limit the activities of an organization. It is a constitutional duty of governments to draft public policies that govern commerce. Recent legislations focus towards protecting competitor companies from each other, buffering consumers from unfair business practices and shielding interests of society against unrestrained business behavior. There is also an increased emphasis in the international market on social responsibility and ethics. Zipcar Company provides insurance in case of accidents of its vehicles to comply with the government laws and regula tions (Koontz 120). Economic environment: The economic environment involves those factors that affect the purchasing power and spending patterns of consumers. Given the current economic recession, both corporate and individual consumers are shoppers that are more careful. The economic classes skew and the general population divides into the affluent and the less prosperous. These classes highly influence the spending patterns in the market. Zipcar helps its members save some money when they use other means of transport when not in need of a car (Gitman 166). Social environment: Social environment includes institutions and other forces that affect the basic values, behaviors and preferences of the society. A marketer may want to capitalize on the changing values people have on themselves, others, organizations, society, nature and the universe; for example, they affect the consumer satisfaction and decision-making. The university, journals, magazines, and other influential organizati on boost the image of the company attracting more customers to the company (Stull 45). Technological environment: Technological environment consists of forces that affect the technology of creating new products, markets and opportunities in organizations. This environment is perhaps the one with most influence in this industry. In the marketing planning, the marketer should be keen the opportunities being availed by technological changes and avoid products that are likely to get outdated rapidly. The company provides zip cards to enable their customers access their services, for example, paying bills and opening the door of the car. The company uses internet and telephone to communicate to its customers (Koontz 119). Natural resources: Natural resources include natural resources such as raw materials or energy sources needed by both the organization and the consumer. The company caters for expenses of fuel (Kirsner 1). Demographic environment: Demographic factors include the study o f human population in terms of size, location, race, and occupation. The company focuses their target market in the urban centers on working class consumers (Basenese 1). SWOT analysis Strengths: ZipCar Company has ability to recognize customer needs and wants more than the consumers themselves expect. This makes the company to offer quality products and services to enhance customer experience, awareness, and relationship with their customers. The company has joint ventures with influential organizations creating a positive image and pride of their products and services. The company’s reliance on technology in its activities of reservations, maintenance, billing, and customer services improves customers’ satisfaction and sense of belonging. Extension of services to the disabled people increases its market share (Kirsner 1). Weaknesses: The diversity of its markets gives room for misunderstandings and mismanagement of the company. The company incurs more expenses as the number of customers increase. Investments cater for the demands of its customers but there is no guarantee of revenue enough to cover the costs incurred. The company’s shareholders demands and expectations on payments are very high limiting the growth of the company (Basenese 1). Opportunities: The chief executive officer of the company, Scott Griffith holds senior positions in influential companies attracting more potential consumers to the company’s products and services. The company produces quality and variety of products that attracts and maintains more customers enabling the company improve its market share. The target customers are in diverse markets hence the capability of improving its profits once the company penetrates in the market. The company targets the working class since they use vehicles on daily basis and people spending leisure on weekends to ensure maximum utilization of its resources to maximize profits. Universities provide a good foundation for future development of the company as the graduates seek for their services. The company parks their cars in high exposure areas such as subway stations in the city increasing the awareness and attraction of the company’s services (Gitman 167). Threats: Diversity of the target market increases challenges of competition to the company due to the increase in the number of competitors. New entry companies whose car sharing services form a small portion of their overall profits has greater chances of fast growth in the business increasing competition in the market and later the price lowers. Rising price of fuel, insurance, and maintenance terminate the proceedings of the company leading to more expenditure of the company. This consequently leads to rise in the price of their services loosing some of their customers not willing to spend on that service (Basenese 1). Market Segmentation Geographical segmentation: ZipCar Company established its target market in 21 countries. They t arget city centers where there is large exposure of customers. Demographic segmentation: ZipCar Company targets the working class since they use vehicles on daily basis and can afford to purchase their services. The company targets universities to create future potential customers from the graduates. Psychographic segmentation: ZipCar Company provides vehicles for leisure during weekends. It also provides services to long distance travelers incurring the expenses of insurance, fuel, and maintenance of the vehicle. Behavioral segmentation: ZipCar Company provides quality and variety of products to cater for the different tastes and preferences of their customers to ensure customer brand loyalty. Consumer behavior Consumer behavior are all the buying habits and patterns reflected by an individual, group or society towards a given product or service (Kotler 56) Trends influencing consumer behavior Instant society: Customers of ZipCar make orders one hour before they reach the service d estination to find their services ready for use (Kirsner 1). Technology: The customers have zip cards to open the vehicles and for billing their expenses to satisfy their expectations on the company’s services (Kirsner 1). Consumer freedom of choice: The consumers make their own decisions on the company to purchase its services. Zipcar creates a good customer experience relationship, and freedom of expression to ensure brand loyalty. Since the customers travel to the service provider, they make choices about the company to purchase the service (Kirsner 1). Increased consumer awareness: Consumers are more educated and informed about the rights and needs that the company has to satisfy hence provide quality services to its customers that attract and maintain them (Basenese 1). Increased levels of economic development: Customers know how to budget on their expenses hence match their satisfaction with the price before they make their purchase decision (Kirsner 1). Changes in soci al cultural factors: ZipCar Company only offers its services to its members to ensure security of their vehicles due to collapse of morals in the society. The customers need vehicles to travel to leisure destinations on weekends due to increased social networking. The company relies on influential organizations and people to help attract customers to their organizations (Basenese 1). IE-marketing activities: Customers make orders while still far from the company to have their services ready on time and to make travelling plans at ease (Kirsner 1). Conclusion This is a sensitive market hence every marketing strategy used by the company reflects in its overall operations. Car sharing reduces parking commotion in cities and provides services to its customers. Since the benefits are intangible, the company focuses on satisfying their customers to maintain and improve its market share. Consumers’ great influence is value, utility, and benefit of the product or service. The decisio n- making process involves stages that the marketer can influence and intervene to attract customers. Recommendations The marketer should trigger the need of the consumer and know the time to emphasize its product or service to consumers to survive in the market. The marketers should put efforts to establish its distribution channels and the location of the business to access more customers to improve profits. Markets should have a comprehensive marketing strategy to produce better results and acquire customer loyalty. The company should take time to analyze its competitors in order to formulate and implement programs that are customer focused. The marketer should identify changing goals of consumer trends in future consumer behavior to ensure a good future performance of the company. The researcher should conduct effective and reliable market research to help the company making the right decision in the process of marketing its product or service. Works Cited Basenese, Louis. Zipca r, Inc.: steer clear of the â€Å"winner’s curse† (Part 2). 2011. Web. Gitman, Lawrence. The future of business: the essentials. Boston: Cengage Learning. 2008. Ireland, Duane. Entrepreneurship: successfully launching new ventures. Upper Sandle River: Pearson Prentice Hall. 2006. Print. Kirsner, Scott. A little zipcar history, as company files for initial public offerings. 2011. Web. Koontz. Essentials of management 8E. New York: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. 1990. Kotler, Philip. Principles of marketing. French’s Forest: Pearson Education Australia, 2009. Stull, Craig. Tuned in: uncover the extraordinary opportunities that lead to business breakthroughs. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 2008. Print. This report on ZipCar Marketing Strategy was written and submitted by user Kyra T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Battle of Derna During the First Barbary War

Battle of Derna During the First Barbary War The Battle of Derna took place during the First Barbary War. William Eaton and First Lieutenant Presley OBannon captured Derna on April 27, 1805, and successfully defended it on May 13. Armies Commanders United States William EatonFirst Lieutenant Presley OBannon10 US Marines and soldiers200 Christian mercenaries200-300 Muslim mercenaries Tripoli Hassan BeyApprox. 4,000 men William Eaton In 1804, during the fourth year of the First Barbary War, the former American consul to Tunis, William Eaton returned to the Mediterranean. Titled Naval Agent to the Barbary States, Eaton had received support from the US government for a plan to overthrow the pasha of Tripoli, Yusuf Karamanli. After meeting with the commander of US naval forces in the area, Commodore Samuel Barron, Eaton traveled to Alexandria, Egypt with $20,000 to seek out Yusufs brother Hamet. The former pasha of Tripoli, Hamet had been deposed in 1793 and then exiled by his brother in 1795. A Small Army After contacting Hamet, Eaton explained that he wished to raise a mercenary army to help the former pasha regain his throne. Eager to retake power, Hamet agreed and work began to build a small army. Eaton was aided in this process by First Lieutenant Presley OBannon and eight US Marines, as well as Midshipman Pascal Peck. Assembling a ragtag group of around 500 men, mostly Arab, Greek, and Levantine mercenaries, Eaton and OBannon set off across the desert to capture the Tripolitan port of Derna. Setting Out Departing Alexandria on March 8, 1805, the column moved along the coast pausing at El Alamein and Tobruk. Their march was supported from the sea by the warships USS Argus, USS Hornet, and USS Nautilus under the command of Master Commandant Isaac Hull. Shortly after the march began, Eaton, now referring to himself as General Eaton, was forced to deal with a growing rift between the Christian and Muslim elements in his army. This was made worse by the fact that his $20,000 had been used and money to fund the expedition was growing scarce. Tension Among the Ranks On at least two occasions, Eaton was forced to contend with near mutinies. The first involved his Arab cavalry and was put down at bayonet-point by OBannons Marines. A second occurred when the column lost contact with Argus and food became scarce. Convincing his men to eat a pack camel, Eaton was able to stall until the ships reappeared. Pressing on through heat and sand storms, Eatons force arrived near Derna on April 25 and was resupplied by Hull. After his demand for the citys surrender was refused, Eaton maneuvered for two days before initiating his attack. Moving Forward Dividing his force in two, he sent Hamet southwest to severe the road to Tripoli and then attack the western side of the city. Moving forward with the Marines and the other mercenaries, Eaton planned to assault the harbor fortress. Attacking on the afternoon of April 27, Eatons force, supported by naval gunfire, met determined resistance as the citys commander, Hassan Bey, had reinforced the harbor defenses. This permitted Hamet to sweep into the western side of the city and capture the governors palace. Wounded, Yet Triumphant Grabbing a musket, Eaton personally led his men forward and was wounded in the wrist as they drove the defenders back. By the end of the day, the city had been secured and OBannon hoisted the US flag over the harbor defenses. It was the first time the flag had flown over a foreign battlefield. In Tripoli, Yusuf had been aware of the approach of Eatons column and had dispatched reinforcements to Derna. Arriving after Eaton had taken the city, they briefly laid siege before assaulting it on May 13. Though they pushed Eatons men back, the attack was defeated by fire from the harbor batteries and Hulls ships. Aftermath The Battle of Derna cost Eaton a total of fourteen dead and several wounded. Of his force of Marines, two were killed and two wounded. OBannon and his Marines role has been commemorated by the line to the shores of Tripoli in the Marine Corps Hymn as well as the adoption of the Mamaluke sword by the Corps. Following the battle, Eaton began planning a second march with the goal of taking Tripoli. Concerned about Eatons success, Yusuf began suing for peace. Much to Eatons displeasure, Consul Tobias Lear concluded a peace treaty with Yusuf on June 4, 1805, which ended the conflict. As a result, Hamet was sent back to Egypt, while Eaton and OBannon returned to the United States as heroes. Sources Smitha, Frank E. . First Barbary War Overviewfsmitha.com/h3/h27b-pirx.html. Jewett, Thomas. Terrorism in Early America. https://www.varsitytutors.com/earlyamerica/early-america-review/volume-6/terrorism-early-america.

Open topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Open topic - Essay Example This paper argues for morality of current laws that allows for abortion. Deontology ethics offers one of the bases for evaluating morality of abortion. According to the ethics, an act is moral if it is consistent with existing rules in a society and this means that reviewing such rules as the constitution are fundamental to understanding morality of abortion. Important to the abortion debate is the constitutional provisions for human rights and its protection thereof from contravening legislations. The Ninth Amendment of the constitution provides that citizens’ rights are supreme and no law can be made to create some rights that can infringe the former category of rights. Examples of the protected righst are rights to privacy and autonomy in decision-making. Pregnancy issues meet the privacy definition and should remain at a woman’s description, subject to the existing laws. Further, the same laws provide that such a right is supreme, no law should be made to contravene it, and this means that calls for illegalization contravene deontology ethics. While some people may argue that the defined rights in the Ninth Amendment also protect the fetus, such arguments can only be valid if the same constitution offered definition of fetus and provided for its rights. The Fourteenth Amendment however offers a solution to this problem through its definition of people who are entitled to rights under the constitution. One of its provisions is the phrase that ‘people who are born or are naturalized in the United States’ and this does not include fetus because it is not yet born. Consequently, the constitution, as an element of existing laws, protects a woman’s decision to have or not to have an abortion and arguments against such a position is Deontologically unethical (University of Minnesota 1). A person also has right to private property and this rationale grants a woman the right over her body and her body parts. The fetus is considerabl y part of a woman’s body as long as it is in her womb and this means that the woman has right over decisions affecting the fetus because of privacy and autonomy principles (University of California 1). Utilitarian approach to morality on abortion also guides the debate on whether abortion is moral and should be legalized or not. According to utilitarian ethics, an actor is moral if it offers net benefits to a majority of members of the society and immoral if its net effects are harmful to most of the involved stakeholders. Considering the case of an unwanted pregnancy, the child, the mother, and people in the environment are the involved stakeholders. An abortion terminates the child’s life but meets the interest of the expectant woman and the immediate society that already considers the child as unwanted. Forcing the woman to have the pregnancy however exposes her to rejection and rejection of the child that the woman may also reject and this leads to psychological ha rm to all the stakeholders. In such a case therefore, allowing for abortion benefits the expectant woman and the society while not allowing abortion identifies harm for all the stakeholders. Abortion would therefore be moral. The fetus is also not yet a human being and this means that it lacks feelings. Consequently, no harm can be attributed to abortion with respect to the fetus as a victim. This further means that a woman’s interest is important in an abortion case and the abortion should be legal

Transport Demand Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Transport Demand Management - Essay Example The question is what is TDM? There has never been one single key definition of TDM. Some have defined it as an overall term for the strategies that lead to a better proficient utilisation of transport resources. Others have defined it as an all-encompassing term given to strategies that enhance the transport system’s efficiency. It has also been defined as a wide range of measures that transfer or decrease roadway utilisation, hence, boosting the life and efficacy of the whole transport system (Zhou, 2008). Thus, it is evident that TDM is not a linear but an all-inclusive term that can be explained from different perspectives. Over the years, the measures used in TDM have involved alternates to drive-alone like transit. Such alternatives are attained through the availing of disincentives and incentives to alter travel features among commuters. At present, these measures now involve programs and policies to solve issues like the choice of location, time, route, and information using technology. TDM is been viewed with an ever growing importance due to the rise of traffic congestion in suburban areas as urban areas are faced with complications in the expansion of highways and environmental issues like air pollution get bigger (Weiner, 2012). TDM measures can be grouped into organisational and operational, financial, and infrastructure. Of these three groups, infrastructure can be regarded as the most visible of them all. Why is this so? It is so because it involves the building and changing of the structures that are used in transport. As a measure, there is a belief that using infrastructure as a measure in TDM produces expected results as it directs the usage of transport means much more easily even without the use of new policies. As a measure, it has received widespread support among all industry shareholders. In the UK for example, the Roads for Prosperity publication received nationwide support. The program aimed at taking

Audience Analysis and Adaptation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Audience Analysis and Adaptation - Assignment Example However, Mrs Bush shares her experience of coming to Wellesley 10 years back. She identifies with the students by describing how she was struck by the natural beauty of the campus and then tells a story about Wellesley students where she stresses on the spirit of the college. This way she relates with the students. She very wisely talks about human connections and their importance in our lives. She addresses the concerns of the audience by speaking about the success of a family and loving children. Mrs Bush says that she wishes the winner of the annual hoop race to realize her own dreams – not society’s dream – and not just be the first to get married or the first to become a CEO. By speaking in their interest and addressing the issues related to their lives, she defuses the hostility they held against her. If Mrs Bush would have been delivering the speech at some other higher education institute, she would have probably not have stressed too much about her personal life. She would have interacted more with the students so as to relate with them. Infact, she would have highlighted the achievements of the institute and spoken about how she would have loved to be a part of the institute. She would have spoken more about the issues related to nation and society so as to draw their

Types of Earthing Systems

Types of Earthing Systems Introduction Purpose of earthing in an electric power system is to limit, with respect to the general mass of earth, the potential of current carrying conductors, which are part of the equipment, and non- current carrying metal works, associated with the equipment, apparatus and appliances connected to the system. Type of Earthing Systems There are four main type of earthing systems. These include: TN systems Point directly to ground, the exposed conductive parts connected to this point the installation of the protection of conductors. Two types of TN system are approved for new installations in South Africa. These are defined according to the arrangement of neutral and protective conductors, as follows: TN-S system: in which throughout the system, a separate protective conductor is used; TN-C-S system: in which the neutral and protective functions combined in a single command chain of system. TT system Which one point is directly earthed, the exposed-conductive-parts of the installation being connected to earth electrodes electrically independent of the earth electrodes of the power system. The TT system is not permitted for new installations in South Africa, but still exists in many of the older areas. IT system Which has all live parts isolated from earth, or one point connected to earth through an impedance, the exposed-conductive-parts of the electrical installation being earthed independently or collectively or to the earthing of the system. The IT system is not used for the public distribution of electricity, but is used in private installations, mainly for reasons of continuity of service. Three phases IT systems with a distributed neutral can in certain circumstances result in hazardous conditions. This latter type of IT system is to be deprecated. The problems of voltage variations between phase and neutral that can result from a break in the neutral, are common to all types of low voltage distribution systems. The increasing usage of the TN-C-S system has however introduced a further dimension to the consequences of a loss of the neutral conductor. TN-C-S system Mainly for economic reasons, across the globe, the TN-C-S power system is becoming more and more widely used for the distribution of low voltage electrical power. The concept of combining the neutral and protective functions in a single conductor immediately resulted in the elimination of one of the five distributed conductors that are required for a three phase TN-S system (three phases, one neutral and one protective conductor). In a TN-C-S system, the separate protective conductor (PE) for each consumer, is created by simply tapping off a second parallel conductor from the PEN conductor at a location that is close to or at the point of supply to individual consumers. The parallel conductor in the installation then becomes the neutral conductor. The main disadvantage of the TN-C-S distribution system is this unprotected hazardous condition that could arise in the event of a break in the PEN conductor. This hazard continues to exist independent of the presence of any protection devices that may be installed. In the event of a break in the PEN conductor, all exposed conductive parts will remain live irrespective of the operating state of the main switching or isolating device whether it is ON (closed) or OFF (open). Current practice of bonding in HK Types of low voltage system as defined by the IEC and IEE are identified by the connections to earth of the source (system earth) and the exposed conductive parts of the electrical installation (equipment earth). If these earth terminals are not boned together by a metallic conductor the system is classified as TT, and the path for earth fault currents is then through the actual earth or ground,. If the terminals are bonded together with a reliable and low impedance metallic connection the return path will not be through the earth and the system is classified as TN-S. The terms on which the CLP Power Hong Kong Ltd. and the Hong Kong Electric Co., Ltd. will supply electricity are subject to the Electricity Supply Ordinance, and the regulations and conditions laid down in the common set of Supply Rules published by both companies. By virture of his application for electricity supply or his obtaining electricity from the Company, a consumer is bound by and shall abide by the Supply Rules and other terms and conditions. Supply Rule 407.1 requires that for every electrical installation the consumer must provide his own earth electrode system by which the exposed conductive parts of his installation are connected to earth. That is, all exposed conductive parts of the installation shall be connected by protective conductors to the main earthing terminal of the installation and that terminal shall be connected to earth electrode(s) via an earthing conductor. This means that every installation is connected to be part of a TT system. Rule 407.3.f. (iii) further states that where the supply is taken direct from the Companys transformer or via underground cable, the Company may allow the consumer to provide a bonding conductor between his main earthing terminal and the Companys transformer earth or metallic sheaths of the service cable. Therefore, the installation will be operated as part of a TN-S system. However, this rule also states that in the measurement of the earth fault loop impedance or testing the operation of protective devices, the said bonding conductor must be disconnected, i.e. the design and commissioning of the installation must assume a TT system.

Sports Narrative - Wrestling :: Personal Narrative Essays

Personal Narrative- Wrestling CLAP, CLAP, CLAP, CLAP, echoes through my head as I walk to the middle of the mat. "At 160lbs Aidan Conner of La Junta vs. Rodney Jones of Hotchkiss." All I can think of is every bead of sweat, every drip of blood, every mile, every push up, every tear. Why? All of this: just to be victorious. All in preparation for one match, six minutes. For some these six minutes may only be a glimpse, and then again for some it may be the biggest six minutes of their life. Many get the chance to experience it more than once. Some may work harder and want it more than others, but they may never get the chance. All they get is a moral victory. Every kid, every man comes into the tournament with a goal. For some is to win, for some is to place, others are just happy to qualify. These six minutes come on a cold frigid night in February at a place called the Pepsi Center. Once a year this gathering takes place when the small and the large, the best of the best, come to compete in front thousands of people. I am at the Colorado State Wrestling Championships. Ever since the previous season I had my standards set high. I had placed fifth, which was all right for the time being, but I knew as time went on I needed to push myself and increase my level of wrestling. I decided that I would do whatever it took, through thick and thin. I traveled to small local tournaments in Colorado, and a couple out-of-state tournaments, I even traveled to Delaware. It didn't really matter how I did at these tournaments because it was just all practice until February. So, I lifted and wrestled just about every chance I got. It was all in preparation for one match, six minutes. Starting the season as the second ranked wrestler in the state, I was just where I wanted to be, noticed, but not the "top dog". I did well during the season; not losing to anybody in the 3A classification. I didn't do quite what I wanted, but I wasn't going to complain. A broken hand after the second weekend of competition didn't help any, but I fought through it and kept my eyes set on one opponent, one goal, one match, six minutes.